One of the threats to native biodiversity in native grasslands is the abundance of exotic plants. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of imazapic, clethodim, and sulfosulfuron for removing tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) and releasing the native warm-season grasses (NWSG) and to document which species of broadleaf plants survive a post-emergence treatment of 0.2 kg ai/ha of imazapic or 0.03 kg ai/ha sulfosulfuron. All three herbicides reduced the amount of total vegetative cover after the first growing season, but there were no differences by the end of the second growing season. All herbicide-treated plots had less tall fescue than untreated control plots after the first and second growing seasons. After the first growing season, imazapic- and sulfosulfuron-treated plots had less tall fescue than clethodim-treated plots, but there was no difference by the end of the second growing season. NWSG increased the most in the imazapic-treated plots and second most in the sulfosulfuron-treated plots. NWSG did not increase in the clethodim-treated plots when compared to the controls after the first growing season. All herbicide treatments increased the amount of bare ground, and the clethodim was the least harmful to broadleaf plants. These herbicides show promise as a useful tool for removing tall fescue from remnant grasslands and enhancing NWSG and selected broadleaf plants in native grassland systems.
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1 January 2007
Using Herbicides to Rehabilitate Native Grasslands
Thomas G. Barnes
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clethodim
Glyphosate
grassland restoration
imazapic
sulfosulfuron